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Approximate transformations of bipartite pure-state entanglement from the majorization lattice

机译:二元纯态纠缠的近似变换   主要格子

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摘要

We study the problem of deterministic transformations of an \textit{initial}pure entangled quantum state, $|\psi\rangle$, into a \textit{target} pureentangled quantum state, $|\phi\rangle$, by using \textit{local operations andclassical communication} (LOCC). A celebrated result of Nielsen [Phys. Rev.Lett. \textbf{83}, 436 (1999)] gives the necessary and sufficient conditionthat makes this entanglement transformation process possible. Indeed, thisprocess can be achieved if and only if the majorization relation $\psi \prec\phi$ holds, where $\psi$ and $\phi$ are probability vectors obtained by takingthe squares of the Schmidt coefficients of the initial and target states,respectively. In general, this condition is not fulfilled. However, one canlook for an \textit{approximate} entanglement transformation. Vidal \textit{et.al} [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{62}, 012304 (2000)] have proposed a deterministictransformation using LOCC in order to obtain a target state$|\chi^\mathrm{opt}\rangle$ most approximate to $|\phi\rangle$ in terms ofmaximal fidelity between them. Here, we show a strategy to deal withapproximate entanglement transformations based on the properties of the\textit{majorization lattice}. More precisely, we propose as approximate targetstate one whose Schmidt coefficients are given by the supremum between $\psi$and $\phi$. Our proposal is inspired on the observation that fidelity does notrespect the majorization relation in general. Remarkably enough, we find thatfor some particular interesting cases, like two-qubit pure states or theentanglement concentration protocol, both proposals are coincident.
机译:我们使用\ textit研究了\ textit {初始}纯纠缠量子态$ | \ psi \ rangle $到\ textit {target}纯纠缠量子态$ | \ phi \ rangle $的确定性变换的问题{本地操作和经典通信}(LOCC)。 Nielsen的一项著名成果[Phys。雷特牧师\ textbf {83},436(1999)]给出了使该纠缠变换过程成为可能的必要条件和充分条件。确实,只有且仅当主化关系$ \ psi \ prec \ phi $成立时,才能实现此过程,其中$ \ psi $和$ \ phi $是通过取初始状态和目标状态的施密特系数平方得到的概率向量,分别。通常,不满足此条件。但是,人们可以寻找\ textit {approximate}纠缠变换。 Vidal \ textit {et.al} [物理。 Rev. A \ textbf {62},012304(2000)]提出了使用LOCC进行确定性转换,以便获得最接近$ | \ phi \ rangle $的目标状态$ | \ chi ^ \ mathrm {opt} \ rangle $就它们之间的最大保真度而言。在这里,我们展示了一种基于\ textit {majorization晶格}的属性来处理近似纠缠变换的策略。更准确地说,我们建议将其Schmidt系数由$ \ psi $和$ \ phi $之间的极值给定,作为近似目标状态。我们的建议是受以下观察启发的:保真度通常不尊重主要化关系。足够明显的是,我们发现对于某些特别有趣的情况,例如两个量子位纯态或纠缠集中协议,这两个建议是一致的。

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